Sodium Chloride (NaCl) is a salt crystal that is commonly known as table salt. It has a cubic crystal structure and is an important material for many applications in different fields including optics, electronics, and chemical industries. In optics, NaCl is used as a window material for UV, visible, and IR spectroscopy. It has high transmission in the UV and visible range, but it is not commonly used in IR spectroscopy due to its low transmission in this range. In electronics, NaCl is used as a substrate material for electronic devices and as an electrode material in batteries. In the chemical industry, NaCl is used as a raw material in the production of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl).