KTN, or Potassium Tantalum Niobium Oxide, is a piezoelectric and optical crystal material. It has a high piezoelectric constant and large electro-optic coefficients, making it a desirable material for use in electro-optic and piezoelectric devices, such as transducers, oscillators, and modulators. KTN is often used in high-frequency devices and applications due to its low loss tangent and high mechanical quality factor. The properties of KTN can be influenced by temperature, pressure, and frequency, making it important to consider these factors when designing and operating devices based on KTN. The substrates are synthesized using various crystal growth methods, including Czochralski, float-zone, and top-seeded solution growth methods.